Unfortunately, a range of studies have found that these risk factors are not well controlled among university students, resulting in an increase of CVD risk in this population. In addition, a high level of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) tends to have a protective effect against CVDs ( Rankinen et al., 2007 Kim et al., 2014) and low levels of inflammation are associated with lower risks of future CVD events ( Ridker et al., 2017 Zhu et al., 2018 Arnold et al., 2021). Substantial evidence shows that a healthy lifestyle, including maintaining a favorable body mass, engaging in high levels of leisure-time physical activity (PA), and healthy eating habits, play an important role against the risk of MetS. This may be due to the accelerated aggregation of cardiovascular risk factors, which results in the increasing prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in young adults, particularly in young women ( Ford et al., 2004 Regitz-Zagrosek et al., 2007 Hirode and Wong, 2020). Even though cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality has reduced sharply over the last few decades in middle-aged and elderly people, the reduction rate is lower in young adults ( Yano, 2021). It is well acknowledged that the process of atherosclerosis begins in childhood, and with the accumulation of cardiometabolic risk factors, its clinical manifestations are often observed in late adulthood ( Andersen et al., 2004 Oliveira et al., 2010). Regression analysis showed that only the percentage change of HDL was associated with the change of MVPA (b = 0.326, p = 0.015) and TPA (b = 0.480, p = 0.001).Ĭonclusion: From the findings of the study we can conclude that 12-week low-volume Tabata-style functional HIIT was highly effective for university female students to improve cardiorespiratory fitness, body fat, some cardiometabolic health outcomes and habitual PA. All variables were measured pre- and post-intervention. Dietary intake was measured using a valid food frequency questionnaire. Body composition, maximal oxygen uptake (VO 2max), blood pressure (BP), blood lipids, fasting glucose and insulin, C-reactive protein and PA were objectively measured using standardized methods. ![]() The Tabata training protocol involved 8 × 20 s maximal repeated functional exercises followed by 10 s rest with a frequency of 3 times per week for 12 weeks. Methods: 122 female freshmen were randomized into the Tabata group (n = 60) and the control (n = 62). We also investigated whether changes in habitual PA over the intervention period had an impact on exercise-induced health outcomes. ![]() Therefore, the primary aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of 12-week Tabata-style functional HIIT for improving multiple cardiometabolic health outcomes and habitual PA. Furthermore, few studies examined the effect of low-volume HIIT on habitual physical activity (PA). High-intensity interval training (HIIT) improved cardiometabolic health in clinical adults but the evidence in the university setting is limited. Introduction: The increasing prevalence of metabolic syndrome and physical inactivity enhances exposure to cardiometabolic risk factors in university students.
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